Posted

May 05, 2015 12:12:38 AM

Date

2015-04

Author

Cem Karayalcin and Mihaela Pintea

Affiliation

Research Department and Strategy and Policy Review Department, IMF

Title

The Role of Productivity, Transportation Costs, and Barriers to Intersectoral Mobility in Structural Transformation

Summary /
Abstract

The process of economic development is characterized by substantial re-allocations of resources across sectors. In this paper, we construct a multi-sector model in which there are barriers to the movement of labor from low-productivity traditional agriculture to modern sectors. With the barrier in place, we show that improvements in productivity in modern sectors (including agriculture) or reductions in transportation costs may lead to a rise in agricultural employment and through terms-of-trade effects may harm subsistence farmers if the traditional subsistence sector is larger than a critical level. This suggests that policy advice based on the earlier literature needs to be revised. Reducing barriers to mobility (through reductions in the cost of skill acquisition and institutional changes) and improving the productivity of subsistence farmers needs to precede policies designed to increase the productivity of , modern sectors or decrease transportation costs.

Keywords

Structural transformation, subsistence agriculture, multi-sector models, economic development, transportation costs

URL

http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2015/wp1591.pdf

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